![]() These include border closures, lockdown in the supply market, interruption in vehicle movements and international trade, labor shortage, and the maintaining of physical distance in manufacturing facilities ( Paul and Chowdhury, 2020a, Amankwah-Amoah, 2020b). Meanwhile, supply, transportation, and manufacturing face numerous challenges that reduce their capacities. For example, the demand for necessary items such as personal protective equipment (PPE), ventilators, and dried and canned foods has increased. Moreover, unlike other previous outbreaks, this pandemic has impacted all the nodes (supply chain members) and edges (ties) in a supply chain simultaneously ( Gunessee and Subramanian, 2020, Paul and Chowdhury, 2020a) hence, the flow of the supply chain has been disrupted substantially. A report published by Fortune magazine on 21 February 2020, before the WHO reclassified the COVID-19 outbreak as a pandemic on 11 March 2020, revealed that due to the COVID-19 pandemic, 94% of the Fortune 1000 companies were facing disruption in their supply chains ( Fortune, 2020). It has had even more severe, diversified, and dynamic impacts than that of previous epidemic outbreaks such as the 2003 SARS epidemic or the 2009 H1N1 epidemic ( Haren and Simchi-Levi, 2020, Koonin, 2020). However, the current COVID-19 pandemic is unique. Supply chains have encountered many severe disease outbreaks in the recent past thus far, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported 1438 epidemics just between 20 ( Hudecheck et al., 2020). A widespread public health incident such as an epidemic or pandemic can have substantial negative impacts on businesses and supply chains, including reducing their efficiency and performance ( Guan et al., 2020, Ivanov, 2020a, Sodhi, 2016), and propagating disruptions across the supply chains (known as ripple effects) that affect their resilience and sustainability ( Ivanov, 2020b, Ivanov and Dolgui, 2020a). ![]() The scope of the challenges faced by these organizations largely depends on the severity of the outbreaks in question. These directions can guide scholars in designing and conducting impactful research in the field.īusiness organizations have faced huge challenges due to unprecedented disease outbreaks in recent decades. By considering the findings of these articles alongside research on the COVID-19 pandemic, this study offers research questions and directions for further investigation. We also review the literature on prior epidemic outbreaks and other disruptions in supply chain disciplines. Moreover, the analysis reveals that most studies have focused on supply chains for high-demand essential goods and healthcare products, while low-demand items and SMEs have been largely ignored. Our analysis reveals that there is a lack of empirically designed and theoretically grounded studies in this area hence, the generalizability of the findings, thus far, is limited. Alongside the synthesis of the findings, this study describes the methodologies, context, and theories used in each piece of research. The synthesis of the findings reveals that four broad themes recur in the published work: namely, impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, resilience strategies for managing impacts and recovery, the role of technology in implementing resilience strategies, and supply chain sustainability in the light of the pandemic. Through a rigorous and systematic search, we identify 74 relevant articles published on or before 28 September 2020. The present study systematically reviews existing research on the COVID-19 pandemic in supply chain disciplines. ![]() However, while the number of articles on this subject has been steadily increasing, due to the absence of any systematic literature reviews, it remains unclear what aspects of this disruption have already been studied and what aspects still need to be investigated. Since the pandemic started, scholars have been researching and publishing their studies on the various supply-chain-related issues raised by COVID-19. The global spread of the novel coronavirus, also known as the COVID-19 pandemic, has had a devastating impact on supply chains.
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